%0 Journal Article
%4 sid.inpe.br/iris@1905/2005/08.02.21.53
%2 sid.inpe.br/iris@1905/2005/08.02.21.53.07
%@issn 0102-7786
%F 9720
%T Relationship between El Niño timings and rainfall extremes in NE Brazil, São Paulo city and south Brazil. / Relação entre a duração do El Niño e extremos pluviométricos no nordeste, cidade de São Paulo e sul do Brasil
%D 2000
%A Kane, Rajaram Purushottam,
%@electronicmailaddress kane@laser.inpe.br
%B Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia
%V 15
%N 1
%P 45-57
%K El Niño, chuvas no NE do Brasil, NE Brazil rainfall.
%X El Niños are believed to be associated with droughts in NE Brazil and excess rains in south Brazil. However, some El Niños do not show such a relationship. Since El Ni¤os can commence in any month during the year. El Ni¤os starting after the main rainy season or terminating before the main rainy season may not be effective. In this communication, the timings of El Niños vis a vis rainfall are examined. For NE Brazil near Fortaleza, the main rainy season is MAM (March, April, May). It was noticed, that during 1940-1992, there were I I El Ni¤o events that had commencements in Jan.-Feb.Mar., suitable for resulting in droughts in MAM; but only 4 resulted in droughts. Thus, the El Niños relationship (expected droughts) in the main rainy season of NE Brazil was very poor. In contrast, the pre.-rainy season months DJF seeined to show significant rain deficits, in 9 out of the 11 events. The reason for this needs further study. In Sao Paulo City, the El Niño effects were erratic. Normal as well excess or deficit rainfalls occurred, though a slight bias for excess rains during local spring (ASON months) was indicated. In south Brazil, only El Niño active during the latter half of the calendar year were effective in causing excess rains. Overall, the El Niño-rainfall relationship was poor, and effects due to other factors (Atlantic sea surface temperatures, cold fronts from the Antarctic, etc.)are probably more important, as is already reported in the literature.
%3 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EL NINO TIMINGS AND RAINFALL.pdf